The invention relates to an aircraft limited time adaptive attitude control method based on the enhanced index approaching law, aims to solve an aircraft attitude stabilization problem having concentration uncertainty, utilizes a sliding mode control method based on the enhanced index approaching law and is integrated with adaptive control. A terminal sliding mode surface is designed for guaranteeing limited time convergence of a system, a problem of buffeting is reduced in an actual control system through the enhanced index approaching law, moreover, adaptive control is for adjusting a self characteristic feedback control system according to environment change in an intelligent mode to make the system operates in the optimal state according to certain setting standards. The method is advantaged in that the problem of buffeting of the sliding mode surface and control torque can be reduced, on the condition that the system has uncertainty and interference, limited time consistent boundary control of the system is finally realized.