The invention discloses a tester and a testing method for an effective pneumatic extinguishing index. The tester comprises a base and an impeller assembly fixed on the base, wherein the impeller assembly comprises a plurality of impellers arranged in a matrix manner; rotating speed sensors are connected onto the impellers and used for measuring rotating speeds of the impellers; a liquid crystal display is arranged on the front surface of the base, connected with the rotating speed sensors and used for displaying the rotating speeds of the plurality of impellers; a power supply for supplying power is arranged in the base; a switch is arranged on the side surface of the base. The plurality of impellers arranged in a matrix manner are used for measuring the effective pneumatic extinguishing index, and the tester is simple in structure and convenient to operate; the effective pneumatic extinguishing index is judged in two ways, namely, effective extinguishing area and effective wind face extinguishing distance, and judging precision is improved.