The invention provides a method for recovering a fragrant flavored substance of fresh Chinese prickly ash oil. The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a raw material fresh green prickleyash; 2) using edible plant oil for extracting the fresh green prickleyash in the step 1) to obtain the extracted Chinese prickly ash oil; 3) collecting water vapor in the step 2) and escaped volatileoil; 4) rapidly condensing a mixture collected in the step 3) to obtain a condensation mixture; and 5) performing oil-water separation on the condensation mixture in the step 4) and collecting an oil-phase product. The method also comprises the fragrant flavored substance recovered by the method and the Chinese prickly ash oil prepared by adding the fragrant flavored substance in the extracted Chinese prickly ash oil in the step 2). The invention also provides an apparatus for recovering the fragrant flavored substance of the fresh Chinese prickly ash oil.