The invention discloses a surface treatment method of an anti-wear ring of a cylinder sleeve. The surface treatment method comprises steps as follows: 1) a formed anti-wear ring of the cylinder sleeveis pretreated, and pretreatment means phosphorization processing; 2) the pretreated anti-wear ring of the cylinder sleeve is subjected laser surface strengthening, wherein the treatment parts comprise an inner hole and a cutting edge of the anti-wear ring; 3) the treated anti-wear ring of the cylinder sleeve is polished; 4) checking and packaging are performed. By means of the surface treatment method, the problems of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, hardness and the like of the anti-wear ring of the cylinder sleeve can be effectively solved, the anti-wear ring of the cylinder sleeve can be used for a long time, and high-frequency replacement and unnecessary waste are avoided; besides, wear of the cylinder sleeve can also be reduced, engine oil is prevented from moving upwards intoa combustion chamber, consumption of the engine oil is reduced, fuel gas leakage is reduced, granularity emission is reduced, the sealing property is improved, and power of an engine is increased.