The invention relates to a camera and robot control system based on a semantic model and an automatic adaptation method thereof. According to the method, a semantic model server-side module and a semantic model client-side module are built in a robot controller and a camera controller respectively, and the automatic adaptation of the industrial camera and the robot control system is realized through semantic modeling of the semantic model server-side module and the analysis of the semantic model client-side module. Under the condition that the function of the camera is upgraded and changed, the robot controller does not need to stop working to carry out programming on the controller again to modify the function and the command of a camera, the working flexibility of a robot system is improved, the working time is saved, and plug-and-play is achieved.