The invention belongs to the technical field of noise abatement and particularly relates to a sound barrier unit plate of a sympathetic sound absorption structure. The sound barrier unit plate of thesympathetic sound absorption structure comprises a front panel and a rear panel. The sound barrier unit plate of the sympathetic sound absorption structure is characterized in that through holes are formed in the front panel, the hole diameter and the aperture ratio are designed according to the frequency distribution characteristic of a noise source, and the purpose of eliminating a particular frequency band sound wave is achieved; porous sound absorption materials are arranged in middle cavities of the front panel and the rear panel, and noise can be eliminated according to the resonance principle; and sound barrier unit plates are connected in a concave-convex spigot and socket mode, and thus the complex assembly mode of a sound barrier is simple and convenient to implement.