The invention discloses a sulfur-asphalt based/graphene composite material and a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method is as follows: performing a series of modification and activation treatment on an asphalt based/graphene composite material for pore forming, and then filling sulfur to an inside of the asphalt based/graphene composite material and loading on a surface of the asphalt based/graphene composite material, a sulfur content being 30-80%, to obtain a lithium-sulfur battery material that still can keep long-time circulatory stability, high specific capacity and very low coulombic efficiency loss under high-current density charging and discharging. According to the sulfur-asphalt based/graphene composite material, the overall weight of the battery can be alleviated, and the specific capacitance and the mass specific energy of the battery are improved; and meanwhile, through a special pore structure distribution, while the sulfur loading amount isimproved, the influence of volume expansion in charging and discharging processes on the battery is reduced; the material disclosed by the invention not only has simple preparation and low cost, butalso has a carbon conversion rate up to 80% and completely can implement scale production; and moreover, the used raw materials basically are industrial wastes, so the purpose of resource regenerationis implemented, and the sulfur-asphalt based/graphene composite material is safe and environment-friendly.