The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle equipment compartment system. The unmanned aerial vehicle equipment compartment system includes an equipment compartment mounted on the unmanned aerial vehicle by a mounting bracket and task modules detachably mounted in the equipment compartment. The equipment compartment includes a compartment housing and a backboard. The backboard is provided with a plurality of power interfaces for supplying power to the task modules and a data interface for data communication. A plurality of task modules for performing a set task are installed in the compartment housing. The backboard is electrically connected with the task modules by a plurality of data acquisition units and controls the plurality of task modules. The unmanned aerial vehicle equipment compartment system has the advantages that the equipment compartment is compact in structure and can be conveniently mounted on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the equipment compartment notifies each of the built-in acquisition units to return the collected data and status information of the unmanned aerial vehicle to a server and a cloud platform and intelligently controls the flight status of theunmanned aerial vehicle, may flexibly carry common modules according to actual needs, and is suitable for special applications in different industries.