The invention discloses a blast construction method of a shallow-buried railway tunnel in underneath pass of civil house weak segments. The method includes the following steps that a, according to characteristics of the shallow-buried railway tunnel in underneath pass of the civil house weak segments, a numerical value model is established; b, material parameters corresponding to the numerical value model of the shallow-buried railway tunnel in underneath pass of the civil house weak segments are selected; c, blasting simulation of the shallow-buried railway tunnel in underneath pass of the civil house weak segments is performed; d, numerical value simulation results of different cutting blasting modes are analyzed; e, in combination with engineering measured data of blasting constructionfor the shallow-buried railway tunnel in underneath pass of the civil house weak segments, verification is performed so that the demands of blasting safety vibration control standards can be met. By the utilization of a power finite element method, numerical value simulation analysis is performed to research the rule of a blasting seism, verification is performed in combination with the engineering measured data, and therefore blasting vibration is reflected accurately to a certain degree. The blasting vibration reduction effect of a vibration reduction technical scheme is researched, bases are provided for making a vibration reduction blasting scheme for the tunnel in underneath pass of dense civil houses, and influences on the rule of seismic wave propagation by excavation of the tunnelare researched.