The invention relates to an analysis and identification method for capsaicin compounds in capsicum oleoresin, and belongs to the technical field of analysis and identification of natural extracts. Thepreparation method comprises the following process steps: preparing capsicum oleoresin; separating the capsicum oleoresin through a melissyl silane bonded silica gel chromatographic column; performing qualitative analysis on a separated out capsaicin compound through a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry combined technology; performing quantitative analysis on the separated out capsaicin compound, and identifying the source of the capsicum oleoresin. The method can effectively separate out various capsaicin compounds, meanwhile can judge whether synthetic capsaicin is mixed in the capsicum oleoresin, is high in accuracy, simple, rapid, and beneficial to market normalization, and solves the quality problem of the capsicum oleoresin.