The invention relates to a method and a system for obtaining a network topology structure of a power network system. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a CIM file and an E file of the power network system, extracting target data from the CIM file and the E file according to a topology structure data type of the power network system, storing the target data in a SparkSQL database of a Spark calculation engine, and performing association on the target data according to a relationship among the target data, thereby obtaining a preprocessing table; according to the preprocessing table, searching for the power network system to obtain the topology structure of the power network system. According to the scheme, the target data can be obtained by utilizing the CIM file and the E file ofthe power network system; and the target data can be subjected to quick associative analysis in a parallel computing mode through the SparkSQL database of the Spark calculation engine, so that the data processing speed is increased and the analysis and identification efficiency of power network system topology is improved.