The invention discloses a check anti-counterfeiting identification system, which belongs to the technical field of check verification. The system includes a check anti-counterfeiting identification platform and a check information collection terminal. The check information collection terminal is connected with the check anti-counterfeiting identification platform through a bank private network. The check information collection terminal includes a collection unit which is used for collecting face information of a check submitted by a user, and a processing unit which is used for processing theface information and sending the face information to the check anti-counterfeiting identification platform through the bank private network. The check anti-counterfeiting identification platform includes an acquisition unit which is used for acquiring the face information and identifying the face information, a first storage unit which stores standard face information, and a first verification unit which is used for verifying the identification result of the face information according to the standard face information and feeding back a corresponding check verification result to the check information collection terminal. The technical scheme has the beneficial effects as follows: the security of checks and the safety of transaction are ensured; business handling is convenient; and the handling efficiency is improved.