The present invention provides a device for multi-DSP data exchange based on an FPGA. An FPGA is configured to process peripheral interface signals, a DSP is taken as an operation chip, and the exchange device comprises an analog quantity signal processing module and a switch quantity processing module. A CPU board card designed by the technical scheme of the invention is improved in multiples inprocessing capacity; and moreover, a task requiring processing is converted from serial processing to parallel processing to shorten in multiples a task processing period and greatly improve real-timeresponse capacity of a control protection device.