The invention relates to the field of communication of multiple robots and discloses a distributed data acquisition system and method for multiple robots. The system comprises a sensor node unit, a data acquisition unit, an infinite extension gateway unit and a remote PC machine unit. The sensor node unit acquires real-time work data information of at least one robot according to measured electricquantity or non-electric quantity signals. The data acquisition unit is used for receiving data information acquired by the sensor node unit. The infinite extension gateway unit acquires real-time data information subjected to analysis processing of the data acquisition unit, and transits the information to the PC machine unit in a real-time, high-speed and independently unvarnished manner. The remote PC machine unit is used for monitoring the data information acquired by the sensor node unit in real time. According to the invention, an Ethernet gateway solution where the number of the sensors can be extended infinitely is provided, so a problem of limited data acquisition channels currently is solved; a distributed sensor network communication port unit is autonomously designed, researched and developed; and through the distributed sensor network communication port unit, stable, highly efficient and unvarnished transmission of the heterogeneous sensor data can be achieved; and timelines of data acquisition is ensured.