The invention discloses an assistant analysis system and method for intelligent robot patrol of substations. The assistant analysis system comprises an image shooting servo module, a deep-learning identification module and abnormal state inference module; the image shooting servo module is used for assisting an intelligent robot in shooting sample images and inputting the sample images to the deep-learning identification module; the deep-learning identification module is used for establishing three-level pattern identification systems for identifying equipment, parts and statuses respectively,and each pattern identification system is used for object identification of the sample images and inputting identification results to the image shooting servo module and the abnormal state inferencemodule; the abnormal state inference module is used for performing inference engine on equipment status information identified by the deep-learning identification module and displaying inference results to users. Compared with a traditional characteristic-based image identification method, the assistant analysis method has the advantages of high accuracy and generalization capability.