The invention discloses a sleeve-type heat pump capable of realizing direction changing of a working medium and belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment and electrical engineering. The sleeve-type heat pump comprises a compressor, a heat pump reversing valve, a self-circulation sleeve-type heat exchanger, an expansion valve, an evaporator and a water storage tank, the self-circulation sleeve-type heat exchanger comprises N heat exchange sleeves in parallel arrangement, each heat exchange sleeve comprises a pipe side and a shell side, and the pipe sides are serially connected through a pipe side three-way pipe which is communicated with the water storage tank; a water inlet of each heat exchange sleeve is communicated with a water source pipe and the water storage tank, the shell sides are serially connected through a shell side connecting pipe, and the compressor, the heat pump reversing valve, the shell sides of the heat exchange sleeves, the expansion valve and the evaporator are sequentially connected to form a coolant circulating loop. By the sleeve-type heat pump, a coolant working medium can be made to change direction to do work to achieve the objective of self-circulation heat exchange according to water flow direction without arranging a circulating water pump, and heat exchange efficiency and rate are improved effectively.