The invention relates to a method for recycling valuable components from nickel-containing smelting slag. The method includes the steps that nickel smelting slag is added in a reaction device, calcium-series mineral and an additive are added, mixed slag is formed, the mixed slag is heated to be in the molten state to be used as reaction slag and is evenly mixed, the reaction slag is monitored in real time, the mixed reaction slag is made to meet the condition a and the condition b at the same time through regulation and control, and slag subjected to reaction is obtained; and S2, separation and recycling are conducted. By means of the method, molten nickel slag physical heat resources and hot-state metallurgy flux can be sufficiently utilized, and cold-state clinker can also be processed;by adding the additive, conducting even mixing and controlling the slag oxygen position, slag metallurgy is achieved, and the synchronous separation technology for copper and iron in the nickel smelting slag is achieved; and the problem that because a large amount of clinker is stacked at present, environment pollution is caused, and heavy metal element pollution is caused are solved.