The invention relates to the field of foaming agents and discloses a preparation method of a differentiation pentane foaming agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: A) mixing inorganic whiskers with a quaternary ammonium hydroxide aqueous solution, grinding, stirring for reacting, adding porous inorganic powder, mixing and smashing, filtering, carrying out supercritical drying, smashing, carrying out plasma treatment, then adding powder into an ethanol solution of organic silicon, heating and refluxing, carrying out suction filtration, washing, heating, drying and smashing, so that modified powder is obtained; B) mixing and dissolving an pentane foaming agent and an organic solution, then sequentially adding a cosolvent and the modified powder, carrying out five-levelgrinding, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion, standing, carrying out centrifugal separation and precipitation, and filtering, so that modified pentane foaming agent mother liquor is obtained; and C) mixing the modified pentane foaming agent mother liquor with the pentane foaming agent. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that a new pentane foaming agent product isdeveloped by adopting a way of adding the inorganic whiskers and an inorganic powder material into the pentane foaming agent, so that the aim of improving mechanical properties or functionality of a foaming agent material is achieved.