The invention discloses an efficient arsenic removal method for copper smelting high-arsenic smoke ash. The method comprises the following steps that 1, first-stage normal-pressure alkaline leaching is conducted on arsenic-containing smoke dust under the leaching conditions that leaching is conducted by adopting secondary leachate and the NaOH concentration is controlled at 40 g/L-60 g/L, solid-liquid separation is conducted, and primary leachate and primary leaching residues are obtained; 2, second-stage normal-pressure alkaline leaching is conducted on the primary leaching residues obtainedin the step 1 under the leaching condition that the NaOH concentration ranges from 60 g/L to 80 g/L, solid-liquid separation is conducted, and secondary leachate and secondary leaching residues are obtained; and 3, lime causticization is conducted on the primary leachate obtained in the step 1, solid-liquid separation is conducted, and calcium arsenate and causticization liquid are obtained. The method is suitable for treating high-arsenic-containing smoke dust generated in the copper smelting process, can achieve arsenic removal of the arsenic-containing smoke dust and comprehensive recoveryand utilization of valuable elements, and has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, economical, capable of saving energy and high in resource utilization rate.