The invention discloses a ground factory monitoring method. In order to solve the problems that by means of existing monitoring methods, the recognition precision of pollution point sources of a ground factory is low, and the recognition rate of the pollution point sources of the ground factory is low, the method comprises the following steps that thermal anomaly data of a monitored area is obtained; for the thermal anomaly data in the I4 wave band, thermal anomaly points with confidence of 0 are rejected according to the ground coordinates, so that a thermal anomaly inversion result is obtained; for the thermal anomaly data in the I1 wave band and I2 wave band, atmospheric correction is conducted, and normalized differential vegetation indexes of all the ground coordinates are calculated;the maximums of the normalized differential vegetation indexes of all the ground coordinates in the monitored area are found; clustering analysis is conducted on the thermal anomaly inversion result,and thermal anomaly point groups are distinguished; according to the ground coordinates, the thermal anomaly point groups with the maximums of the normalized differential vegetation indexes out of anormal range are rejected, so that the identification point groups of the ground factory are obtained; circumscribing polygon fitting is conducted on identification point group data of the ground factory, and a discharging point source database of the ground factory is built. By means of the method, fast and effective recognition, positioning and area monitoring of the pollution point sources of the ground factory are achieved.