The invention relates to a preparation method of a molybdenum disulfide/graphene battery negative electrode material formed on the basis of graphene self-assembling, and belongs to the field of a battery negative electrode material. The problem of low charge-discharge performance caused by the fact that a large amount of defects exist in the charging and discharging processes of molybdenum disulfide is solved. The method comprises the following steps: 1, dissolving ammonium molybdate powder and thiourea powder into an aqueous solution of graphite oxide, performing magnetic stirring until the solution is uniform and stable and dropwise adding concentrated ammonia water to adjust the pH value to be 9 to 10; 2, transferring to a mold of polytetrafluoroethylene lining, sealing, putting into astainless steel high-pressure kettle, performing heating reaction and cooling to room temperature; 3, taking out, washing with concentrated ammonia water for at least 3 times, 4, soaking in an ethanolaqueous solution for at least 6 hours, taking out, performing pre-freezing treatment, and vacuum-drying to obtain the molybdenum disulfide/graphene battery negative electrode material based on a graphene self-assembling three-dimensional skeleton. The battery negative electrode material obtained by the method has high charge-discharge cycle performance.