The invention relates to a copper ion-doped polyaniline electrode taking carbon cloth as a substrate and a preparation method of the copper ion-doped polyaniline electrode, and belongs to the technical field of a supercapacitor. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly, cleaning and activating the carbon cloth substrate, preparing a mixed solution of aniline, hydrochloric acid and copper chloride, and immersing the activated carbon cloth substrate used as a working electrode in the mixed solution; secondly taking a calomel electrode as a reference electrode and a platinum electrode as a counter electrode, and growing a plurality of cycles in a special potential window on an electrochemical working station at a scanning rate of (5-15) mV/s by a cyclic voltammetry method; and finally, cleaning the working electrode with deionized water, and then performing drying at 35-50 DEG C to obtain the copper ion-doped polyaniline active electrode taking the carbon cloth as the substrate. By the preparation method, the defect of the polyaniline material is overcome to a certain extent, the specific capacity and the rate performance are improved, meanwhile, and the electrode also has the advantages of higher mechanical strength, smaller internal resistance, more favorable stability and the like and can be widely applied to the field of new energy development.