The invention relate to a multi-component alloying aluminum alloy material, an air cylinder sleeve and a preparation method thereof. The multi-component alloying aluminum alloy air cylinder sleeve isprepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 20-30% of silicon, 5-10% of magnesium, 0.1-1% of titanium, 0.1-1.5% of zirconium and the balance of aluminum. The multi-component alloying aluminum alloy air cylinder sleeve provided by the invention is based on a lattice matching principle. By adding a proper amount of Ti and Zr, an Al-Si-Mg matrix tissue is refined effectively, wherein the element Ti can refine the aluminum alloy matrix, the element Zr can refine the grain size of MG, and more MgSi2 second phase particles can be formed favorably. The formula of the multi-component alloying aluminum alloy air cylinder sleeve is simple in component, and does not contain noble elements such as Ni, so that the production cost is relatively low; and the elements are proportionedreasonably and have a synergistic action, so that the aluminum alloy matrix tissue is fined favorably, and the mechanical properties such as tensile strength of the air cylinder sleeve are improved.