The invention provides an optical fiber protection device and method for an electric power passive optical network. The optical fiber protection device comprises at least two intelligent optical lineterminals, an optical distribution network and optical network units; the first intelligent optical line terminal and the second intelligent optical line terminal are connected with the optical network units; and the intelligent optical line terminals send protection switching management information to complete line switching through the optical network units. According to the technical scheme, the reliability and the self-healing capacity of the electric power passive optical network are improved, and the optical fiber protection switching speed of the electric power passive optical network is increased.