The invention provides a three-dimensional directional earth data transmission antenna layout system with performance constraint. The three-dimensional directional earth data transmission antenna layout system with performance constraint includes a three-dimensional directional earth data transmission antenna and the like, wherein the three-dimensional directional earth data transmission antenna is arranged on an earth floor of a satellite; in the folded zero state, the antenna points to the core of earth; the pointing direction is defined as a +Z axis of the three-dimensional directional earth data transmission antenna; the included angle between the +Z axis of the three-dimensional directional earth data transmission antenna and a Z+ axis of one satellite is 136 DEG; a drive mechanism rotation axis, being close to a mounting pedestal, on the three-dimensional directional earth data transmission antenna, is defined as a +X axis of the three-dimensional directional earth data transmission antenna; and the +X axis of the three-dimensional directional earth data transmission antenna and a satellite +X axis are in parallel, and are consistent in the direction. The three-dimensional directional earth data transmission antenna layout system with performance constraint can fully utilize the envelope constraint of a carrier rocket radome, and can realize reasonable mounting of the three-dimensional directional earth data transmission antenna on the satellite.