The invention discloses an optical control transmission method and system for a multi-superposition state radio frequency orbital angular momentum signal. The method includes the following steps: performing optical carrier modulation on N paths of same radio frequency signals, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2; performing phase adjustment on the N paths of same radio frequency signals that are modulated to ensure that the radio frequency sideband phase difference between any adjacent two paths of radio frequency signals is delta phi, and generating the multi-superposition state radio frequency orbital angular momentum signal; and transmitting the multi-superposition state radio frequency orbital angular momentum signal through a loop antenna array. According to the scheme of the invention, on the basis of producing an arbitrary superposition OAM state, the complexity of the system can be greatly reduced, the capacity and efficiency of a communication system can be improved, and the effect of reducing the number of antennae and improving the signal quality for special superposition state OAM signals can be achieved.