The invention relates to a preparation method of a nickel-containing methanation catalyst, which belongs to the technical field of preparation of synthetic natural gas catalysts prepared through cokeoven gas and coal. Molybdenum carbide is used as a carrier and an active component, and nickel is used as a modifier. An SiO2 hollow mesoporous sphere is adopted as a hard template, and a nickel-containing catalyst is quickly prepared through a high-temperature roasting method. The molybdenum carbide per se in the catalyst has hydrogenation performance and is modified by nickel oxide, so that thecatalytic activity is further improved; the molybdenum carbide is used as a shell layer so as to play a role in confinement, so that nickel is well protected and is prevented from being sintered at high temperature. The catalyst is mixed with raw material gas, so that fast methanation can be realized, and the catalyst has the characteristics of good catalytic activity, high stability and good anti-carbon deposition performance.