The invention discloses a concrete abrasion early-warning system and method, and the system comprises a measurement triggering device, an on-way signal measurement device and a comparison alarm device, wherein the measurement triggering device, the on-way signal measurement device and the comparison alarm device are sequentially in electrical connection. The on-way signal measurement device is connected with a temperature measurement optical cable or a vibration measurement optical cable. The temperature measurement optical cable or the vibration measurement optical cable is buried in concretealong an abrasion surface. The system improves the measurement representativeness. Meanwhile, a sensor does not have abrasion, and can be reused, thereby reducing the maintenance cost.