The invention discloses a laser powder rapid sintering and powder spreading device which comprises a foundation mounting frame, a powder spreading guide device, a powder spreading guide device controlsystem, a first powder spreading cylinder, a first powder spreading cylinder control system, a forming cylinder, a forming cylinder control system, a second powder spreading cylinder, a second powderspreading cylinder control system, a powder spreading roller reciprocating traveling device, a powder spreading roller reciprocating traveling device control system, and a powder recovery cylinder system. By adoption of the laser powder rapid sintering and powder spreading device disclosed by the invention, the continuous powder spreading operation can be completed on a laser sintering machine, and meanwhile, fallen raw material powder can be recovered. Compared with the prior art, the laser powder rapid sintering and powder spreading device has the advantages that the positions of the powderspreading cylinders are symmetrically set, so that not only can the structural compactness of a powder spreading device be guaranteed, but also the idle stroke of the powder spreading roller reciprocating traveling device during a motion process can be eliminated, and then the working efficiency of a laser powder sintering machine can be greatly improved.