The invention relates to a control system for low-oxygen environment tests. The control system comprises an operating computer, a controller, a control loop and a sensor. The control system has the advantages that the system adopts the distributed I/O architecture controller, and the closed-loop control of test environment pressure, oxygen concentration and temperature is achieved; aiming at multiple-environment-parameter control requirements, a multichannel independent closed loop control method is utilized to control comprehensive environmental parameters such as pressure, low oxygen and temperature.