The invention discloses an electronic locking type battery mounting structure which comprises a negative pole cover, a protective diaphragm, absorbing liquid, a negative pole zinc plate, a lithium wafer, a positive plate, an experimental pole piece, a positive pole ring, a collector plate, a bottom cover and a sealing ring, wherein the protective diaphragm is composed of a shell, a polymer film, atransition layer, a gel membrane, an interface board and a microporous panel. According to the electronic locking type battery mounting structure disclosed by the invention, the protective diaphragmis arranged on the inner side of the negative pole cover in a sleeving manner in the process of producing and packaging electronic batteries, so that the negative pole cover and the bottom cover are tightly attached to each other by virtue of a polymer film during closing, and heat inside the battery is dissipated by virtue of multiple pores in the microporous panel. If the electronic battery drops by accident, the bottom gravity center directly transfers the stressed force between the interface board and the transition layer mutually, so that shock of the whole electronic battery is alleviated to avoid shell cracking so as not to generate electric leakage.