The invention discloses a multi-satellite and multi-ground station resource collaborative allocation management method oriented to a region target. The multi-satellite and multi-ground station resource collaborative planning problem is solved. The realization process is as follows: respectively constructing resource relation graphs, communication resource conflict-free graphs and communication resource conflict graphs through a ground control center by acquiring the ground station and satellite information, thereby generating a satellite unloading scheme; computing a satellite access region target by using the target region information and the satellite ephemeris, extracting all possible and feasible satellite unloading schemes from the satellite unloading scheme; constructing a weighted directed graph for each feasible satellite unloading scheme, traversing all weighted direction graphs, and finding out a path with large coverage rate and less hop count by using a labelling algorithmand a defined addition, thereby generating a total unloading scheme and annotating a measurement and control instruction. Through the method disclosed by the invention, the resource use ratio and thetask planning efficiency are improved, the complexity of the resource management is reduced, and the method can be used for the resource management of the ground observation satellite system.