The invention belongs to the field of video processing and particularly relates to a video stream cache distribution method and device. The invention aims to solve problems of the waste of a memory space, easy data loss and increased system overhead caused by a fixed length of a cache queue in the prior art. The video stream cache distribution method provided by the invention comprises a step of distributing a memory block containing video data as a cache block and storing the memory block into the cache block, a step of storing the cache block into a data center and storing an address of thecache block into a first address queue, and a step of obtaining the cache block, distributing data in the cache block to a corresponding client, and releasing the cache block. According to the video stream cache distribution method, the memory space can be fully utilized, and the smoothness and integrity of a video are ensured. The invention also provides the video stream cache distribution device, a storage device and a processing device with the above effects.