The invention discloses a Chinese yam seeder which comprises a rack and traveling wheels, and further comprises a seed conveying mechanism and a seed-metering mechanism, wherein the seed conveying mechanism is used for conveying Chinese yam seeds into a seeding trough; the seed-metering mechanism is used for conveying the Chinese yam seeds to the seed conveying mechanism; the seed conveying mechanism comprises a chain slot formed longitudinally; the chain slot comprises baffles on both sides; a seed outlet of the seed-metering mechanism is communicated with the chain slot; a seed conveying closed structure is formed in the bottom of the chain slot and comprises a sector gear and an incomplete gear meshed with each other, and the sector gear and the incomplete gear are driven by the traveling wheels; the sector gear is arranged below the baffle on one side of the chain slot and connected with a closed baffle; in the rotating process of the sector gear and the incomplete gear, the closedbaffle can be closed with or separated from a chain slot baffle on one side disconnected with the sector gear. Aiming at morphologic characteristics of the Chinese yam seeds, in order to prevent orientation changes of the Chinese yam seeds in the dropping process, a Chinese yam seed direction correction closing mechanism is designed at the lower seed outlet, so that the seeds can be smoothly seeded into the seeding trough according to a certain orientation, and the agricultural requirements are met.