The invention discloses a method for determining non-surface enhanced water body nitrite based on Raman spectrum. The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing known nitrite azo compound standard testing systems with different concentrations in several colorimetric pipes; 2) establishing a work curve between the nitrite concentration and an intensity of an azo compound characteristic peak; 3) calculating a detection limit of nitrite in a solution by the standard curve according to a signal to noise ratio S/N=3; 4) performing ion interference experiment determination on anions; and 5)performing determination on nitrite content in a practical water body. The method uses a diazotization-coupling reaction, nitrite having weak Raman activity is subjected to a reaction to generate an azo dye having strong Raman activity, through a series of experiment determination on the azo dye, and indirect detection on the nitrite content in the solution is realized. According to the invention,surface-enhanced substrate synthesis for nano gold and nano silver is not required, cost is saved, experiment steps can be reduced, and the detection method is optimized.