The invention discloses an active-passive alternated efficient electrochemical mechanical polishing machining method of rotors and a device thereof and belongs to the field of electrochemical mechanical polishing. The efficient polishing machining method comprises the following steps: a, building active electrolyte electrolysis units and passive electrolyte electrolysis units, distributing the active electrolyte electrolysis units and the passive electrolyte electrolysis units at the periphery of rotor workpiece so as to spray active electrolyte and passive electrolyte to the workpiece, and arranging a mechanical polishing mechanism between each active electrolyte electrolysis unit and each passive electrolyte electrolysis unit so as to remove passivation films; b, rotating the workpiece,carrying out polishing machining, alternately carrying out the processes of electrolysis removal, passivation protection and mechanical removal of the passivation films in the polishing machining process until the machining requirements are met. According to the active-passive alternated efficient electrochemical mechanical polishing machining method of rotors and the device thereof, dissolution,corrosion and removal of the material of the highly-raised part on the surface of the workpiece can be accelerated by the active electrolyte; the electrochemical mechanical polishing machining efficiency can be greatly improved.