The invention relates to a high-precision real-time in-situ wind measurement apparatus of near space. The apparatus comprises an acoustic sensor for receiving an acoustic transmitting signal, a loudspeaker for transmitting an acoustic transmitting signal, a rotating mechanism for rotation of the loudspeaker and the acoustic sensor, a transceiving control sub device for providing a control signal for the rotating mechanism, generating and amplifying an acoustic transmitting signal, and converting the received acoustic transmitting signal into a digital signal, and a data processing sub device for inversion of a wind field. The acoustic sensor and the loudspeaker are opposite to each other and are arranged on the same horizontal line. The rotating mechanism arranged below the acoustic sensorand the loudspeaker is used for rotating the acoustic sensor and the loudspeaker periodically. The wind measurement apparatus is easy to implement; no sound speed needs to be calculated, so that theinfluence of a sound speed error is eliminated during the wind field inversion process and the wind measurement accuracy is improved.