The invention discloses a powder silicon powder graded recycling system capable of scattering silicon materials and carrying out graded recycling on the scattered silicon materials so that graded gathering of the silicon materials with different particle sizes can be benefited. The powder silicon powder graded recycling system comprises a hot air tank, a beater, an air outflow barrel, a connectingpipeline, a first gathering tank, a second gathering tank, a cyclone separator and a third gathering tank. The first gathering tank comprises a tank body. A first draught fan communicating with an inner cavity of the tank body is arranged on the top of the tank body. An air inflow pipe and a discharge pipe are arranged at the bottom of the tank body. A rotary barrel is arranged on the top of thetank body. A material blocking column is arranged at the lower end of the rotary barrel. The first draught fan on the top of the tank body is provided with a rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft is fixedly connected with the upper end of the rotary barrel. The first draught fan is provided with an air outlet. A gathering device is arranged at one end of the discharge pipe. By the adoption of the powder silicon powder graded recycling system, graded gathering of powder particles with different particle sizes is benefited. The working efficiency can be improved, and the quality of products generated through the following process is improved.