The invention discloses an automotive fuel evaporation system which comprises a fuel tank, wherein the fuel tank is provided with a roll-over valve and a check valve; and the flow direction of the check valve is from the outside the fuel tank to the inside of the fuel tank. The automotive fuel evaporation system also comprises a circulating cooling tube and a heat dissipating assembly for dissipating heat for the circulating cooling tube, wherein one end of the circulating cooling tube is connected to the roll-over valve and the other end thereof is connected to the check valve; the heat dissipating assembly comprises at least one semiconductor cooling plate; the cooling end surface of the semiconductor cooling plate is in contact with the circulating cooling tube; fuel vapor generated from the fuel tank flows to the circulating cooling tube through the roll-over valve; and after the heat is dissipated through the heat dissipating assembly, the fuel vapor forms fluid fuel and returns to the fuel tank through the check valve. The automotive fuel evaporation system can satisfy strict exhaust emission standards with few required parts and low implementation costs.