The invention provides a textile defect detection method based on a peak value threshold, rotation calibration and a mixed characteristic. The method is characterized by analyzing digital image pixelgray scale information of a flat textile surface under an illumination light source; segmenting an image into grids which are not overlapped; calculating IRM, HOG, GLCM and Gabor characteristic valuesof each grid; and according to characteristic value distribution, automatically positioning a textile surface defect. The method is especially suitable for automatically identifying the textile surface defect in a textile flat surface gray scale digital image collected under a stable illumination light source.