The invention discloses a rapid electric wire stripping device for power construction. A structure of the rapid electric wire stripping device comprises a transparent observation window, a display screen, a control panel, a transparent frame, an annular cutting mechanism, a base seat, a shell body and a heating mechanism, wherein a transparent observation window is mounted at one end of the shellbody, the transparent frame is mounted on the other end of the shell body in a fastened manner, the revolution cutting mechanism is positioned in the transparent frame and fixed on an upper end of thebase seat, a bottom part of the base seat is welded vertically on a bottom face of the transparent frame, and the revolution cutting mechanism is also mechanically connected to the heating mechanismpositioned inside the shell body; a display screen is mounted on a top end of the shell body; the control panel is embedded on a part, positioned below the display screen, of the shell body; the control panel is electrically connected with the annular cutting mechanism and the heating mechanism. The rapid electric wire stripping device disclosed in the invention is provided with the annular cutting mechanism and the heating mechanism; after an electric wire is cut in an annular manner, temperature of a heating chamber is increased via heating of a heating rod to melt an electric wire sheath which is cut in an annular manner, and then the electric wire sheath is taken out and removed; the annular cutting mechanism and the heating mechanism are mechanically connected, operation can be performed in one effort, and the device disclosed in the invention is simple in operation.