The invention discloses a fracture parameter optimization method of vertical-well staged-fracturing of a low-permeability oil reservoir, and relates to the field of vertical-well staged-fracturing reformation of low-permeability oil reservoirs. According to the method, all small layers are enabled to be maximally employed, and maximally balanced displacement among all stages is realized. The method includes: (1) calculating weighted average permeability of all the stages according to a staged condition; (2) selecting a stage of minimum weighted average permeability to design fracture parameters of the stage; and (3) regarding the same equivalent permeability of all the stages after fracturing as a target (regarding the stage of the minimum average permeability as a benchmark to ensure thatequivalent permeability of the other stages after fracturing is the same as equivalent permeability of the stage of the minimum average permeability after fracturing) to design fracture parameters ofthe other stages. By utilizing the method, employment degree differences among the layers can be effectively reduced, and a recovery factor can be improved.