The invention provides a voiceprint recognition method and device. The method comprises a step of collecting voice information and using a voiceprint model to carry out voiceprint recognition on the voice information to obtain voiceprint feature information of the voice information, a step of calculating the similarity between the voiceprint feature information and warning voiceprint characteristic information, a step of judging whether the voiceprint feature information is the warning voiceprint characteristic information or not according to the similarity, and a step of emitting warning if so. When the collected voice information is the warning voiceprint characteristic information, a current speaker is determined as a speaker who illegally uses the identity of a target speaker, the authentication is failed and the warning is emitted, the warning is emitted continuously if a behavior of illegally using the identity of a target speaker still exists in later, the functions of beforehand prevention, warning in the process and follow-up tracking and confirmation of an action of counterfeiting the target speaker are achieved, and the safety of a payment system is improved.