The invention relates to a self-driven reconfigurable modular robot and a preparation method thereof. According to the reconfigurable modular robot, carbon nanometer material fibers which are asymmetrically modified by platinum nanoparticles are used as assembling units, and the reconfigurable modular robot is formed by end-to-end connecting of the assembling units in a modular assembling mode. The platinum nanoparticles on the assembling units are catalyzed and disintegrated in a chemical solvent hydrogen peroxide solution to react and produce bubbles, so that the fiber-like assembling unitsobtain steady thrust moment on the liquid surface, and stable fixed-axis-like rotation is formed accordingly. Structural design and directional stress analysis are conducted on the multiple fiber-likeself-driven units, a highly customizable micro braking system is obtained in the modular assembling mode, and stable and controllable rotation or linear displacement movement needs to be achieved according to actual use scenes. The carbon nano-material fibers are oriented carbon nanotube fibers or graphene fibers. The reconfigurable modular micro-robot has great potential in the field of more intelligent micro-robots with highly controllable moving modes.