The invention discloses a fabricated self-resetting energy-consumption supporting device and a building and belongs to the field of civil engineering. The fabricated self-resetting energy-consumptionsupporting device comprises an outer sleeve, a core plate and an internal energy-consumption unit. The outer sleeve is a U-shaped sleeve, and the U-shaped sleeve comprises a bottom plate, a first restraining plate and a second restraining plate, wherein the first restraining plate and the second restraining plate are located on the two sides of the bottom plate; the outer side of the bottom plateis used for being connected with a beam/column on one side of the building; restraining units used for limiting stability losing of the whole supporting device are arranged on the U-shaped sleeve; oneend of the core plate is used for being connected with a beam/column on the other side of the building, and the other end of the core plate is inserted into the U-shaped sleeve to reach the upper portion of the bottom plate; and the internal energy-consumption units are arranged between the first restraining plate and the core plate as well as between the second restraining plate and the core plate. The fabricated self-resetting energy-consumption supporting device has good energy consumption performance, the special technique is not needed for production and maintenance, production and mounting are easy and convenient, and economic benefits are high.