The present invention discloses a unit miniaturization dual-passband and dual-polarization frequency selection electromagnetic protection material structure. The structure comprises a first printing circuit layer located at the front surface of a PCB, a second printing circuit layer located at the reverse surface of the PCB and a dielectric layer arranged between the first printing circuit layer and the second printing circuit layer. The first printing circuit layer is formed by metal fold wires with infinite lengths and periodically arranged in a vertical direction and one periodicity unit periodically arranged between each two metal fold wires, wherein each metal fold wire has the same width; each periodicity unit between each two metal fold wires is periodically copied in a lower rightdirection and in an upper left direction until one space between two each metal fold wires is completely filled by each periodicity unit; the periodicity units are copied towards the right and downwards until a plane of the whole first printing circuit layer is full of the periodicity units; and the second printing circuit layer is obtained by rotating the first printing circuit layer by 90 degrees. The unit miniaturization dual-passband and dual-polarization frequency selection electromagnetic protection material structure substantially reduces the dimensions of the periodicity units of a frequency selection surface and obviously improves the frequency lower limit of multi-order resonance passband.