Provided is an axis driving type miniature shield machine within 1000 mm. The axis driving type miniature shield machine within 1000 mm includes a front shield, a back shield and a controller arrangedin an operation room. The front end of the front shield is movably connected with a cutter plate. The cutter plate is evenly provided with a plurality of rolling cutters. The interior of the front shield is provided with a cutter plate power transmission device which drives the cutter plate to rotate. The two sides of the front portion of the front shield are provided with front supporting telescopic guiding devices vertically. The back end of the front shield is provided with a telescopic section which is in axial sliding and sleeved connection with the front end of the back field. The interiors of the front shield and the back shield are provided with a plurality of sets of propelling driving devices for driving the back shield to move relatively axially along the telescopic section topropel the front shield to move forwards in the axial direction or drive the back shield to move forwards in the axial direction. The back inner portion of the back shield is provided with a back supporting telescopic device. The lower portions of the front shield and the back shield are provided with screw conveyors. The back portion of the back shield is provided with a hydraulic pump station. The axis driving type miniature shield machine within 1000 mm replaces manual drilling and blasting tunnel construction, the whole work is automatically completed, the tunneling speed is increased to 20-25 meters daily, the construction cost is reduced, the benefit is high, workers complete construction in the operation room in the construction process, the working environment of the workers is improved, and the accident rate is reduced.