The invention discloses an intelligent charging system capable of prolonging service life of a battery and a terminal. The system comprises a controller, a remaining capacity detection module, a charger and a display, wherein the controller comprises a reminding control module and a charging time prediction module, the remaining capacity detection module is used for detecting the remaining capacity of the battery and sending the detected remaining capacity to the controller, the controller compares the remaining capacity with a threshold value, when the capacity is lower than a preset threshold value, the reminding control module sends reminding information to the display, the charging time prediction module calculates the charging completion time Tset, and the controller controls the charging completion time Tset of the charger to charge the battery, detects the remaining capacity of the battery at a fixed cycle and adjusts the charging completion time in real time. According to the charging system, the condition of batter loss due to mismatching of power and the battery in the battery charging process is prevented by adjusting the charging time according to the capacity, and theservice life of the battery can be prolonged.