The invention discloses a time-space-frequency multi-dimensional modeling method for a light-controlled radio frequency beam formation system. The method comprises the steps that A, the light-controlled radio frequency beam formation system is decomposed into an antenna array composed of a group of antenna units and a group of parallel microwave photon links in one-to-one correspondence with the antenna units; B, according to configuration of all the microwave photon links under the control state of a certain target beam of the light-controlled radio frequency beam formation system, a time frequency response of an optical device in each microwave photon link in an optical frequency band is mapped to be a time frequency sub-model of the microwave photon link in a microwave frequency band, meanwhile, radiation sub-models of all the antenna units are acquired, and a space domain sub-model of antenna array distribution is established; and C, the time frequency sub-models, the radiation sub-models and the space domain sub-model are fused into a time-space multi-dimensional frequency spectrum response function of the system. The method can adapt to various light-controlled microwave amplitude-phase delay methods and actual antenna and array conditions, and time-space-frequency multi-dimensional signal processing capability of the system is displayed.