The invention provides an aero-engine blade tip clearance active control device based on shape memory alloy wires. The aero-engine blade tip clearance active control device is composed of a packagingbody, electrode plates, an insulation layer, a prestretching memory alloy wire beam, an operation rod, limiting rolling wheels, a baffle, a spring, an outer casing, an inner casing and the like. A main blade tip clearance control assembly is formed by the electrode plates, the prestretching memory alloy wire beam, the operation rod, the baffle and the spring. The packaging body, the electrode plates, the insulation layer, the operation rod, the baffle and the spring keep coaxial and are connected and supported through the packaging body and the outer casing, the operation rod and the inner casing are connected, and the limiting rolling wheels are perpendicular to the axis of the above structure. According to the device, by means of the characteristic of the shape memory effect of a temperature control shape memory alloy, the prestretching shape memory alloy wires are connected to an aero-engine blade tip clearance actuating device, the proper current is adopted for the prestretching shape memory alloy wires for heating, restoring force is generated by the prestretching shape memory alloy wires to drive the actuating device to move upwards, the blade tip clearance is adjusted fast,and active control over the aero-engine blade tip clearance is achieved.